India’s export sector recorded impressive growth in the fiscal year 2024-25, driven primarily by strong performances in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and electronics. According to government data, these key sectors collectively contributed over 50% of India’s total merchandise exports. This remarkable growth highlights India’s expanding footprint in global trade, showcasing its rising strength in value-added manufacturing and diverse industries. Furthermore, the surge in exports is a result of continued efforts to upgrade high-tech production, enhance quality, and meet international demand in various markets.

Agriculture Sector: A Key Growth Driver

The agriculture and allied sectors posted a healthy 7.36% rise in exports, reaching USD 51.86 billion in FY25. India’s rich diversity in agricultural products continues to captivate global markets.

• Spices: Exports increased to USD 4.45 billion, led by chili, cumin, turmeric, and ginger. Major buyers include China, the USA, UAE, Bangladesh, and Thailand.
• Coffee: With USD 1.81 billion in exports, India ranks as the world’s seventh-largest coffee producer. Karnataka and Kerala lead production, with Robusta coffee being the prime export.
• Tea: Export earnings from tea grew to USD 0.92 billion, mainly from Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala.
  Tobacco: At USD 1.98 billion, tobacco exports confirm India’s second-place ranking globally. Key markets are the UAE, Belgium, Indonesia, Egypt, USA, and Turkey.
• Rice: India maintained its position as the world’s top rice exporter with USD 12.5 billion in shipments, supplying Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, UAE, USA, and Yemen.
• Fruits and Vegetables: Export value rose to USD 3.9 billion, with products like grapes, mangoes, bananas, and onions shipped to Bangladesh, UAE, Netherlands, Nepal, and Malaysia.
• Marine Products: The sector grew to USD 7.2 billion, expanding its footprint to 130 countries worldwide.

Pharmaceutical Sector: Reaching Over 200 Countries

India’s pharmaceutical exports grew 9.4% to USD 30.47 billion, reflecting continuous global demand. Indian pharma products now reach more than 200 countries, positioning the country as a global pharmaceutical hub. This growth is driven by competitive pricing, quality manufacturing, and extensive product portfolios.

Electronics Sector: Rapid Growth and Expanding Markets

Electronics exports soared by 32.46%, reaching USD 38.58 billion in FY25, up from USD 29.12 billion the previous year. Key contributors include computer hardware and peripherals, which doubled in exports to USD 1.4 billion. Major export destinations are the UAE, USA, Netherlands, UK, and Italy, reflecting India’s growing prowess in high-tech manufacturing.

Engineering Goods: The Largest Export Segment

Engineering goods continued their strong performance, contributing 26.67% of total merchandise exports with USD 116.67 billion in shipments. The sector grew 6.74% year-on-year, with key markets including the USA, UAE, Saudi Arabia, UK, and Germany.

India’s export success in FY25 underscores the country’s diverse economic base and increasing integration with global markets. Further, India’s export-led economy is poised for sustained growth, from spices to rice to electronics and pharmaceuticals.

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